By Lawal Adenike
The Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) has reported a significant decrease in both suspected and confirmed cases of Mpox across the country over the past four weeks. This encouraging update was shared on the NCDC’s official website on Monday, signaling a positive trend in the fight against the infectious viral disease.
Mpox, a zoonotic viral illness that can affect both humans and animals, is typically characterized by symptoms such as a rash with blisters, fever, and swollen lymph nodes. While the disease is generally mild, with most individuals recovering within a few weeks without medical intervention, it can still pose a public health challenge, particularly in vulnerable populations.
According to the NCDC’s latest epidemiological update, 51 new suspected cases were reported between Epidemiological Weeks 29 and 32 of 2024. This marks a substantial reduction from the 102 cases reported during the previous four-week period (Epidemiological Weeks 25 to 28). The new cases were identified across 26 local government areas in 18 states, with only two confirmed cases—one each in Ebonyi and Enugu states. This is a notable decrease from the seven confirmed cases recorded in the earlier period.
The NCDC provided detailed case definitions for suspected Mpox cases, which include an acute illness characterized by a fever of at least 38.3°C, severe headache, swollen lymph nodes, back pain, and muscle aches. This initial phase is typically followed by the appearance of a rash that begins on the face and spreads to other parts of the body within one to three days. A probable case is defined as one that meets the clinical criteria but lacks laboratory confirmation, though it has an epidemiological link to a confirmed case. A confirmed case is one that meets both clinical and laboratory verification criteria.
The update also highlighted that in 2024, Mpox has been confirmed in 19 states and the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), affecting 30 local government areas. The Case Fatality Rate (CFR) for Mpox is calculated exclusively from confirmed cases, underscoring the importance of accurate diagnosis and reporting.
The NCDC emphasized the critical need for continued vigilance and adherence to public health guidelines to prevent the further spread of Mpox, especially in states that have reported cases. The agency advises avoiding close contact with individuals displaying symptoms, particularly those with rashes or skin lesions. Healthcare providers are also urged to be alert for patients presenting with fever, rash, and other Mpox-related symptoms, particularly if there is a history of travel to affected areas or contact with suspected cases.
To further strengthen the response to the Mpox outbreak, the National Mpox Technical Working Group (TWG) continues to monitor and address the situation nationwide. This group comprises various multi-sectoral and multi-partner teams, working collaboratively to ensure a coordinated and effective response to the disease.