By Onilede Titi Faith
The Federal Government has reaffirmed its plan to decriminalise attempted suicide in Nigeria, setting December 2025 as the deadline for the reform.
Coordinating Minister of Health and Social Welfare, Prof. Muhammad Pate, disclosed this in Abuja on Wednesday during a press briefing to mark the 2025 World Suicide Prevention Day (WSPD), themed “Changing the Narrative on Suicide: Creating Hope Through Action.”
Globally observed on September 10, WSPD seeks to raise awareness on suicide prevention.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), over 720,000 people die from suicide annually, making it the third leading cause of death among people aged 15-29.
About 73 per cent of these deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries.
In Nigeria, suicide survivors are still prosecuted under Sections 327 and 231 of the Criminal and Penal Codes. Experts argue that this punitive framework discourages help-seeking and deepens stigma.
To address the challenge, the government inaugurated a National Task Force on the Decriminalisation of Attempted Suicide in October 2024, chaired by Prof. Cheluchi Onyemelukwe.
The task force was mandated to guide Nigeria’s transition from punishment to a health-oriented approach.
Speaking through the Permanent Secretary, Daju Kachollom, Prof. Pate noted that significant milestones had been achieved, including a government white paper on decriminalisation and a draft amendment to the National Mental Health Act 2021.
The proposed National Mental Health Act Amendment Bill 2025 seeks to repeal punitive provisions in the Criminal and Penal Codes, explicitly decriminalise attempted suicide, bar prosecution of survivors, and ensure access to care and support.
“The draft has been adopted as the ministry’s official position and has undergone consultations with the Attorney-General of the Federation.
“Next, I will be presenting a memo to the Federal Executive Council for an Executive Bill on decriminalisation,” Pate said.
Mental health advocates have long argued that criminalising attempted suicide worsens stigma and prevents survivors from accessing care.
The government’s commitment signals a major shift towards a compassionate, health-based approach to suicide prevention in Nigeria.