Professor Ibrahim A. Gambari, former UN Under-Secretary-General and Chief of Staff to former President Muhammadu Buhari, has advocated for a change in how the Nigerian diaspora is regarded and engaged.
Speaking at a lecture titled “Empowering Nigeria’s Future: The Role of Nigerian Professionals in the Diaspora” at a sideline event around the United Nations in New York on Tuesday, September 24, 2024, Gambari emphasized the diaspora’s untapped potential, urging the nation to look beyond remittances and leverage the intellectual, social, and financial capital that Nigerian expatriates can provide.
Gambari, who also served as Nigeria’s Minister for External Affairs from 1984 to 1985, praised the diaspora for their adaptability, leadership, and intellectual prowess. He noted that with over 1.2 million Nigerians living abroad, the diaspora represents a crucial bloc in shaping Nigeria’s future. “Nigerians in the diaspora are best described as having local knowledge combined with world-class skill sets, exposure, and experience,” Gambari remarked. He called for the establishment of platforms where these talents can collaborate with indigenous businesses to solve pressing national challenges.
While Nigeria ranks among the top five countries globally in remittance inflows, with nearly $20 billion received in 2023 alone, Gambari cautioned against viewing financial contributions as the sole benefit of the diaspora. “Should remittances be the only reason we celebrate our brothers and sisters abroad?” he questioned. He argued that focusing solely on the financial aspect limits the broader contributions these global citizens could make, especially in areas such as business innovation, knowledge transfer, and professional mentorship.
Gambari acknowledged concerns about Nigeria’s ongoing “brain drain,” as highly skilled professionals leave the country in search of better opportunities. However, he pointed out that this migration could present new avenues for growth. “In certain economic circles, a case could be made that the diaspora remittances have served as a reliable source of foreign exchange, especially given the drop in Foreign Direct Investment (FDI),” he said.
However, the former UN envoy was quick to emphasize that remittances alone cannot substitute for the loss of skills and expertise that emigration causes. He urged the Nigerian government and private sector to invest in policies that would encourage knowledge sharing and cooperation between homegrown talents and the diaspora. “By creating platforms for networking and professional collaboration, we can address the skills gap, foster innovation, and tackle the challenges our businesses face,” he added.
In addition to contributing to Nigeria’s economy, Gambari highlighted the critical role of the diaspora in shaping the country’s foreign policy and diplomatic relations. He emphasized that diaspora communities often serve as cultural and political ambassadors, promoting Nigeria’s interests on the global stage. “The diaspora has become an important instrument of foreign policy – a critical tool for the exercise of soft power – and an agent for economic development, especially among developing economies,” he noted. Gambari referenced a 2013 International Organization for Migration (IOM) report, which acknowledged the unique position of diasporas in bridging gaps between countries, fostering economic ties, and deepening diplomatic relations.
With Nigeria’s population predominantly young—85% under 45 years and a median age of 17—Gambari argued that engaging the diaspora must reflect this demographic reality. “Our diaspora is Nigeria’s greatest repository of 21st-century knowledge,” he stated. He proposed harnessing what he called the “Three Capitals”—Intellectual, Financial, and Social—to boost Nigeria’s development efforts. Gambari stressed that the Nigerian diaspora is uniquely positioned to influence both the domestic economy and international relations, bringing innovative solutions from the global arena.
Gambari also addressed the issue of voting rights for Nigerians abroad, a long-standing demand from diaspora communities. “Presently, Nigerians in the diaspora cannot vote. This has to change if Nigeria is to fully benefit from our diaspora capitals,” he urged. He argued that granting electoral rights to the diaspora would not only enhance political leadership in the country but also improve Nigeria’s democratic process by allowing a broader section of the population to participate.
The former UN envoy praised the efforts of the Nigerians in Diaspora Commission (NIDCOM) and its initiatives, such as the Nigeria Diaspora Investment Summit and the Diaspora Medical Missions. These initiatives have provided critical avenues for engagement between the diaspora and home-based stakeholders, including investors, government officials, and healthcare professionals. However, Gambari stressed the need for more deliberate policies to encourage professionals in the diaspora to return and contribute to national development. “The knowledge and skills transfer from Nigerians abroad can be one of the critical factors in transforming our nation,” he said, drawing parallels to China’s rapid industrialization, which was in part driven by its own diaspora.
Gambari called for renewed commitment from all levels of government to engage the Nigerian diaspora more effectively. He stressed that foreign policy should be closely aligned with domestic policy, particularly when it comes to maximizing the contributions of expatriates. “Nigeria’s federal, state, and local governments must continuously engage with the diaspora through outreach, communication, and strategic partnerships,” he stated.
In his closing remarks, Gambari emphasized the potential for Nigeria to emerge as a global leader if it successfully taps into the resources of its diaspora. He expressed optimism about Nigeria’s future, calling for unity and a collective effort to harness the talents and skills of Nigerians both at home and abroad. “With the support of our diaspora, Nigeria can transform itself into a global powerhouse. The time to act is now,” Gambari concluded.